The number of fire extinguishers required for a property in the UK is not a one-size-fits-all matter; it depends on several factors, including the size of the property, its layout, the type of activities conducted within, and the potential fire risks identified during a fire risk assessment. However, British Standard BS 5306-8:2012 provides general guidance on the provision of portable fire extinguishers.
Here’s how to start determining the number of fire extinguishers you might need:
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- Fire Risk Assessment: This is the first step in determining how many fire extinguishers are needed. A fire risk assessment should be conducted by a competent person. It will identify the types of fire hazards present, the nature of the occupants, and the structural features of the building.
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- Basic Provision: The standard basic provision for fire extinguishers is one 13A extinguisher per 200 square meters of floor space, with at least two extinguishers per floor. This is for Class A fires involving ordinary combustibles like paper, wood, and textiles.
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- Specific Risks: Additional extinguishers should be provided for specific risks in certain areas. For example, a kitchen might need a wet chemical extinguisher for cooking oil fires, or areas with electrical equipment might need CO2 extinguishers.
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- Travel Distance: No one should have to travel more than 30 meters to reach a fire extinguisher. This distance is reduced for high-risk areas or for specific types of extinguishers, like 10 meters for CO2 extinguishers.
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- Special Considerations: Large, open-plan areas might need more extinguishers to cover the space adequately. Also, premises with multiple levels, complex layouts, or increased risks (like chemical storage areas) may require additional extinguishers.
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- Types of Extinguishers: It’s important not just to have the correct number of extinguishers but also the right types, based on the materials present that could fuel a fire.
It’s crucial to consult with a fire safety professional to determine the exa