In the UK, fire extinguishers are categorised based on the type of fire they are designed to extinguish. Each type is identified by a colour code and label. Here are the main types of fire extinguishers you’ll find in the UK:
- Water (Red Label): These are used for Class A fires involving solid materials such as wood, paper, and textiles. They cool the burning materials and are not suitable for electrical fires or fires involving flammable liquids and gases.
- Foam (Cream Label): Suitable for Class A and B fires, which include fires involving flammable liquids like petrol and paints. Foam extinguishers work by forming a barrier between the fuel and the flame. They should not be used on live electrical equipment.
- Dry Powder (Blue Label): These can be used on Class A, B, and C fires, making them very versatile. They are suitable for flammable gases, liquids, and solids. However, they’re not recommended for use in enclosed spaces due to the risk of inhalation of the powder and the limited visibility they can cause.
- CO2 (Black Label): Carbon Dioxide extinguishers are ideal for Class B fires (flammable liquids) and are safe to use on electrical fires. They do not leave a residue, making them a good choice for environments with electrical equipment, such as server rooms or kitchens with electrical appliances.
- Wet Chemical (Yellow Label): These are primarily for Class F fires, which involve cooking oils and fats, such as in deep-fat fryers. They can also be used on Class A fires. Wet chemical extinguishers work by creating a soap-like solution that cools and smothers the fire.
- Water Mist (White Label): Water mist extinguishers are a more recent innovation and can be used on Class A, B, C, and F fires. They discharge a fine mist that cools flames and reduces the oxygen supply. They are safe to use on electrical fires.
- Specialist Extinguishers: These include a variety of types designed for specific risks, such as metal fires (Class D fires), which require a special dry powder extinguisher different from the standard one.
When choosing a fire extinguisher, it’s important to consider the types of materials present in the area to be protected. Each type of extinguisher is designed for specific fire classes, and using the wrong type can be ineffective or even dangerous. Always ensure that the right type of extinguisher is available in the appropriate areas and that users are trained or familiar with their operation.